History and the United States Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

History and the United States - Essay Example American took most of the Spanish colonies including Cuba with the aim of establishing a favorable place to invest the capital. United States succeeded for the first time in Manila, Philippines and not in Cuba. U.S. used this as a claim that they were assisting Cuba gain its independence, as well as, acquire territory from Spain. The battle lasted a few months where Spain gave in to the conditions that were set by the United States of America. Filipinos were in dire need of independence during that period; they ended up in war with the United States that continued to the early 1900. The United States of America thought that it was their mandate to and right to rule over the people of Philippines. The reason for the notion by the United States was to pass civilization to Filipinos, but mainly for economic advancement. Their brought about a thought â€Å"white man’s burden†; it was aimed at assisting the citizens of Philippines attain the same living standards and civiliz ation, which the Americans have been benefiting from. It was a forced idea because it did not matter whether they were interested with it or not. During America’s first endeavor to acquire colonies; it lost a lot of money, wasted time and military force. However, United States was determined to maintain Philippines as its colony because during the period it reigned over it, their trade links with Europe strengthened. Moreover, United States was able to trade with Asian countries across the Pacific; it came about because they had full control over Guam and Philippines. America’s economy advanced because it traded with China whose population was greater than that of Europe and United States when combined. It was an achievement for the United States because their products and investments were accessible by larger groups of people. America’s colonies provided the opportunity for trade; United States ended up controlling the entire Asian territory. Imperialism was ex perienced during this time when the United States wanted to advance their economic power, although naturally. United States became an imperial power, which was enhanced by its economic gain, wealth and fortune. The war between America and Spain gave a favorable opportunity to the United States to take control over several lands: Carolina, Marshall and Mariania (Guam) islands and Puerto Rico. This war resulted into a stronger United States empire and the collapse of Spanish empire. America gained a political power as a result of imperialism because it was the only country with authority and power over its colonies. The military power was wasted because most of them were killed; a lot of resources were destroyed, which weakened the economic power of the state. New cultural practices were introduced to United States because while they were trading with Asians, Filipinos and the Spanish, they acquired new ways of doing things. In response to Imperialism, most of the countries they were under U.S. target entered into war because they were determined to rescue their country from colonial rule. Cuba, Spain and Asian fought with United States. World War II and Cold war World War II was experienced by many countries globally that took place between 1939 and 1945. Germany is being blamed for the establishment of the war, which resulted from its invasion into Poland. Other

The Difference Between Training And Development

The Difference Between Training And Development According to the text, it can be seen the distinction among training and development, such as description base on the case make us enable to acquire a better perspective about the meaning of the terms. Training refers to the imparting specific skill with the acquisition of knowledge in order for a person to carry out in a specific task or job. Also with the training process there are some advantages that bring on into a company such as: Improving class and amount of employees in their output Increase the ownership in the businesses, creating on them a stronger link with the company (Tesco) Becoming more organized, productive and flexible and more able to face new needs in internal and external situations Makes feel the employee more loyal, committed to the organization by educating him about by culture, philosophy and policies from the organization. Coming out with new abilities and skills in all employees such as empower staff, better standards. Development it is more about helping the person grow and extend their abilities; refers to the learning opportunities designed to help employees to grow (K. Aswathappa 194p) It can be seen that in tesco as an example they share responsibilities among training and development, because each trainee is responsible for his or her own development, causative to their personal development. Also the development its a process that work out together between employee and managers, creating an interaction where the manager its the one that will help the employee to achieve certain goals, but also more responsibilities on the trainee. In the development process are more focus in the personality of and individual, where its continuous, generating an internal motivation where the people will be ready to meet his future needs. It is very important to analyze that tesco adopts the needs of the customers, reading then in the way that they could satisfy them, giving them what they want. In this way its important to see, how tesco is expanding and having more diversity in their merchandise trying to provide to the customers in all the ways, such as airlines, banking, electrical goods, insurance, and so on. Also they are creating the possibility t give them the possibility of one stop shopping, get whatever they want (the times100, 1 case study) So because of the widening markets that they have, its very important that they need to have a well trainee staff that can recognize the needs of their customer. Also with the training, they improve the knowledge and their skills for the job making for them a muck more qualify worker than can be able to provide the best service. As every body now tesco is a very large company, that is making a lot of openings every day, and where all their store are not located in the same areas, and does not have the same customers, for this reason they use the market segmentation to identify, analyze the market, therefore they can realize what is the demand and the goods that the customer want getting this from the customer profile, with this they can be ahead to see what they would need and what kind of employees will fit more or even what training the will need to provide to be more productive in the businesses and give the best service. 3.0 METHOD LIST THE METHODS OF TRAINING CARRIED OUT BY TESCO. DESCRIBE HOW TRAINING NEEDS ARE INDETIFY Tesco offers two different training methods, which give the possibility to then employee to explore their abilities and take the best for it. On the job training: this is by the far the most important training method, under this method training takes place in the normal work location, he new employee its allocate to a specific job, he or she its instructed by an experience worker or by a special supervisor who explain him how the things work, with this method the employees does not only learn how to work under guidance also produce goods, its inexpensive, also relate the employee with the environment in the workplace (P C Reddy, P C Tripathi 196p) In tesco there are some steps that it will be describe: Shadowing: working together with the managers, learning how to do the things Coaching: trying to help the people out into situation of any kind to work thought to get some solutions. Mentoring: guide and advise new employees Job rotation: basically is when the employee has the opportunity to move around into the different branches to get new skills and get more experience. Also this method give some advantages to the company like: cheaper than others method to the company. Manager can observe the improve of the employees and also can solve issues The employee during the training period is producing goods or working, so its productive for the company. The employee can show what she or he learns and put that in practice. Off the job training: its more focus in training in specific skills or for the individual development in certain areas such as, team building, communication and so. Also it is provide with some external courses that brings the opportunities to tescos staff the possibility to learn and gain more knowledge from expert and professional people. This method is compose by an: induction start from day one, and its when the managers introduce them to business showing them how its compose, targets etc, giving them the opportunity to learn quickly about the company. According to tesco needs, is a company that is expanding their businesses all around the country and also around the world and analyzing and reading the profile of their customer give them the chance to be ahead while process of marketing, In the other hand the company looks for people with different skills and abilities to be more competitive and deliver a better performance with innovation and new products. With the idea of hire people of different backgrounds, show to the people that tesco is a place where everybody can fit and also expose to the people that is a place where they can fin people from everywhere that can bring some ideas, get closer to the people giving them a nice service make them happy to have them back. 4.0 COMPARISON ANALYSE TESCOS METHOD OF DEVELOPING ITS EMPLOYEES.CONSIDER THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF SUCH A PROGAMME. As is well know tesco has development programs that help people out to get involve in the company and is base of this points: -According to the strategy of the company and what they needs are, they concur to create ways to achieve those aims. -Also another important point is the attendance at those courses that the employee is in, it is very important being that because is easy to get in use to with the work environment. -Recording the performance of the employee makes much more easier to see their improve in the process, giving to the manager or guide -With the advises of what they have done, its helpful in the way that it can be uses as a re feeding for the employee to realize how are they doing right or wrong. So with this method the company provide full support to all the employees, in all the topics and areas, because as they said Recruiting new staff its more expensive than retaining new staff (the times100, 2009,Tesco case study) It can be said, development programmers also usually includes elements of planned study and experience, and frequently supported by a coaching or counseling facility (D, Nickson, 154p). Following this it can be seen that this method has some strengths and weaknesses that help in the process of the employee to success or to fail, whether the companies can provide the all program but also depends on the employee, according to this it will be show the characteristics: Gives the opportunity to the employee to get growth in abilities of leading, managing, and working in the shop whit the advantage to get operation skills. Offer to people apprenticeship or encouraging the studying or planning for a qualification whilst at work (Tesco) With this program their employees could be more productive and valuable to the company in long term, whit this actions, they can give secure and confident to their employee, showing them that they are important for the company and motivating them, so they will understand how useful they are for the company. Helping the people to learn much more quickly how to do the jobs guiding them. Improve the performance of the employee at work keeping them update with all the new staff. Also this can be a good way to attract good workers, that ones nice and good work expectations But in other hand this program has some disadvantages that can be attach to this plan such as the budget that they have to spent, because those programmers could be out of their, or in the other they might have the problem that people would not sing in the courses making the company just waste the money. Mix of knowledge, as all now development is the process to help people to grow and extend their abilities, but people can bring their old baggage so that could create misunderstandings with the others, implementing their old or previous knowledge that might fit or not in the new place. Time, it is a factor that is important to remark, being an essential part of any process , because some companies are not able to wait until the employees learn, understand and get ready, so it will become a fight against time, so does it play a significant role. 5.0 BENEFITS EVALUATE THE BENEFITS FOR TESCO IN PROVIDING A STRUCTURED TRAINING PROGRAMME.TO WHAT EXTEN DO YOU THINK THE TRAINING HAS ACHIEVED A RETURN ON INVESMESNT. Tescos programs have been created with the aim of train and develop their staff, and with it, gives the chance to monitoring and evaluated their process according to their performance. As it can be seen this method bring the opportunity to see how the performance of the employee is, giving to them a better and solid feedback providing more order a better focus aim and also construct a better confident in the employee making them aware of their performance. Also in the way that with this process they can measure and analyze better what they have done in al their activities such as activities plans, personal development plans, and so. More over about this gives the chance to expand their view and have a wide vision in the way that other department can give a feedback, so they can improve and do better performance in the case that they might need. Has interaction between management and employee during their training giving them the possibility to express themselves. The aim of training its t improve knowledge and skills in an individuals changing their attitudes, it is one of the most important potential motivators, with it can lead to so many benefits in training(J. Mullins 489P) such as: Motivate the staff, raising their confident and commitment the more to the company, obtaining from them a better performance. Give them the chance to have a career progression also with the felling of personal achievement, so the training will provide them with the chance to get recognition and also progress and see what they have done. Helping them out also to progress and develop their abilities, skills and knowledge by giving them the right tools. Its morally wrong to give a leadership role without some of training wring from them and those who work with them J.Adair. The path to leadership I do think that all companies do the training with the aim invest in themselves and also in people, as it can be seen that now everything and markets are more competitive they need to make the difference, and how this can be possible? By giving them the opportunities to improve, be better, teach them, and after all evaluate them and use what they have learned, making all the process go trough. So I do think that afterwards the training process is when the company will see the results for all what they have done for their staff that later on will give back with their job and productivity. 6.0 CONCLUSION to summarized this report it can be seen that tesco and any other company needs to have the right training being that is an important lever to bring improvement, changes to the company and staff. Also it can be seen how tesco focus in their staff trying to provide to them the best and the most qualify training with the aim of expand their business but also with the concern that first need to have the right people, to the right job at in the right moment, and how this can be possible, whit the right an adequate training and development program. 7.0 REFRENCES Aswathappa, K (2005) Human resource and personal management. Mc Graw Hill. (pp195) P C Tripathi P N Reddy (2008) Principals of management, Mc Graw Hill (pp196) D Nickson (2002) Human resource management for the hospitality and tourism industries, Elsevier (pp 154) Tesco(2009) How training and development support business growth The time 100, 2009 L J Mullins (2009) Management and organizational behaviour Prentice Hall, (pp489,)

Dancing With Wolves Essay -- essays research papers

1. The film Dancing with Wolves takes place in South Dakota in 1863. John Dunbar is the main character who hurts his leg in battle and is sent to the frontier on a new mission as a Lieutenant. When Dunbar arrives in South Dakota he is there alone, no one else had made their way their yet. Dunbar gradually starts to live with the Indians and become one of them getting the name Dancing with Wolves. Another main character is Standing with a Fist, who marries Dancing with Wolves. Standing with a Fist is an American who was captured but the Indians when was very young. She was used as an interrupted, but gradually fell in love with Dancing with Wolves. Another main character is Wind in his Hair. Wind in his Hair makes Dancing with Wolves comfortable in their tribe. He is Dancing with Wolves friend and the one who took care of Standing with a Fist. The Sioux Indians were the Indians who were more friendly that did not have a spirit in them always wanting war unlike the Pawnee Indians who were the Sioux enemies. 2. The beggars and thieves in the story of Dancing with Wolves were the white people. Dancing with Wolves looked on the whites as this. The Indians used everything they possibly could. For example the totanca (buffalo) was used in every way possible for it to be used. They used all the buffalo’s organs and hides of fur possible. Nothing was wasting. In the movie when Dancing with Wolves sees the stampede of buffalo he goes and tells the Sioux Indians of this. The day he an...

How Technology Effects Our Everyday Lives Essay

Technology in Society Today Today in society technology is used in every individual’s life. Society reacts to technology in many different ways, and technology plays the major role in everyone’s everyday life. One example is that there is a new iPhone coming out, the IPhone 5s and IPhone 5c. Individuals are waiting for this phone to come out, just for the upgrades that are not drastic from the iPhone 4. People use technology in their everyday life- cell phones for everything (calculators, calendars, alarm clocks, mail/texts) and I even use my cell phone to complete school work, like this discussion board in our class. Society depends on technology for new information, television, and even farmers use technology in their new tractors to keep up to date with prices of wheat and even may set a tractor to plant or spray in a certain area. Most individuals, including me, depend on technology to get through their everyday life. Today in society technology is used in every individual’s life. Society reacts to technology in many different ways, and technology plays the major role in everyone’s everyday life. One example is that there is a new iPhone coming out, the IPhone 5s and IPhone 5c. Individuals are waiting for this phone to come out, just for the upgrades that are not drastic from the iPhone 4. People use technology in their everyday life- cell phones for everything (calculators, calendars, alarm clocks, mail/texts) and I even use my cell phone to complete school work, like this discussion board in our class. Society depends on technology for new information, television, and even farmers use technology in their new tractors to keep up to date with prices of wheat and even may set a tractor to plant or spray in a certain area. Most individuals, including me, depend on technology to get through their everyday life. Today in society technology is used in every individual’s life. Society reacts to technology in many different ways, and technology plays the major role in everyone’s everyday life. One example is that there is a new iPhone coming out, the IPhone 5s and IPhone 5c. Individuals are waiting for this phone to come out, just for the upgrades that are not drastic from the iPhone 4. People use technology in their everyday life- cell phones for everything (calculators, calendars, alarm clocks, mail/texts) and I even use my cell phone to complete school work, like this discussion board in our class. Society depends on technology for new information, television, and even farm ers use  technology in their new tractors to keep up to date with prices of wheat and even may set a tractor to plant or spray in a certain area. Most individuals, including me, depend on technology to get through their everyday life. Today in society technology is used in every individual’s life. Society reacts to technology in many different ways, and technology plays the major role in everyone’s everyday life. One example is that there is a new iPhone coming out, the IPhone 5s and IPhone 5c. Individuals are waiting for this phone to come out, just for the upgrades that are not drastic from the iPhone 4. People use technology in their everyday life- cell phones for everything (calculators, calendars, alarm clocks, mail/texts) and I even use my cell phone to complete school work, like this discussion board in our class. Society depends on technology for new information, television, and even farmers use technology in their new tractors to keep up to date with prices of wheat and even may set a tractor to plant or spray in a certain area. Most individuals, including me, depend on technology to get through their everyday life.

Younger and Younger Girls are Obsessed with Looking Good (Being beautiful). Its more Important to them than Anything Else in Their Lives

Advanced technology has contributed increased desire of younger and younger girls who consider being beautiful more important than anything else in the world. Today's society portrays the message that outside beauty is more important than the inner beauty through beauty pageant magazines, television programs, films, advertisement, internet and peer pressure among others. Children films and story books also depicts the importance of beauty for example Cinderella and Snow White among others, thus further idolizing the society (La et al. 2004). This has increased the desire and the pressure of the young girls to look alike with the prominent figures they see everyday and the messages portrayed such as being thin is beautiful and being overweight is ugly (La et al. , 2004). Several surveys that have been conducted reveal that advertisements geared to attract boys rarely reflect on appearance as those geared towards attracting girls for example the Barbie girl doll advertisement which reg ularly changes to meet the fashion standards set by the society (McLellan, 2002). The blame is not entirely on the media, parents too have also contributed to this fanaticism, especially when mothers have low esteem of their images and spend most of their time on the mirror flipping their hairs and pouting their lips to get the most desirable looks (La et al. , 2004). This affects the development of the children because as toddlers they try to imitate the actions of their mothers and when they grow up they aim at having better looks than their parents to improve their tainted self esteem (La et al. 2004). Today most of the parents rarely spend enough time with their children because of working for long hours thus the children spend most of their playing time watching television. Furthermore, the children of today are embraced with a pop up culture that advocates for upgrade of everything including breast implants, liposuctions and sexual competition among others. Parents of these children were teenagers in the 1980s where the beauty industry was strongly evolving resulting to the increased rate of bulling and teasing in elementary schools from those who considered themselves to be beautiful and match the standards portrayed by the over-sexed media. This explains their laxity in controlling and limiting the time and money their children spend on beauty treatments (Lowes & Tiggemann, 2003). According to Bob Reitemeier the Chief Executive of Children's society in UK reports that the two year study that they recently conducted on ten year old girls revealed that they were under pressure to grow up quickly from the society and their parents (La et al. , 2004). Other surveys that have been recently conducted reveal that more ten year old girls are focused on losing their weight because of the anxiety they have of impersonating beauty models who most of the time are their idols (Lowes & Tiggemann, 2003). The young girls spent almost all their pocket money on exercises to lose weight while saving some for future plastic surgery on their breasts or noses. There has also being reports that young diabetic girls skip out on their regularly dose of insulin as it makes them add on weight further worsening their health condition. This is because they consider beauty to be the most important aspect in their lives than anything else, even health. Thill is among one of the many girls that adores this impeccable behaviour. She has damaged her kidneys and has had to undergo surgery on her eyes twice in a period of six months because of blood vessel haemorrhage (McLellan, 2002). According to La et al. (2004), the anxiety and pressure build up in the young girls is attributed to the freedom they are accorded by their parents to access information that is linked with maturity as it perpetuates sexual and relationship behaviours. Young girls own large collection of make-up, shoes, clothes, handbags, are addiction to sexually enticing programs, spend a lot of time on the mirror when preparing themselves and must check their appearance when walking past a mirror to maintain the mature look they have adopted which they believe is beautiful. Most beauty spas report that younger and younger girls are regularly visiting their parlous to get beauty treatments like manicure, pedicure and laser hair removal among other things. Moreover the beauty spa attendants report their astonishment at the tender age of girls even five year old that are predominantly becoming their regular customers (McLellan, 2002). A survey that was recently conducted in London by Lewes & Tiggemann (2003), shows that more kids spas have been established as the youngsters are enticing the beauty industry because they earn over ?40 million per month therefore, they estimate that by the time the ten year old girls will be fifty years they would have spend a minimum of about ?400,000 on beauty treatment. Although women have greatly strive to be beautiful over the years, the trend practiced by girls at their tender age is consuming time that they can utilize to nurture their talents for instance in sports and to further improve their performances in school by reading vastly. The children also have a higher possibility of suffering from health issues in their later lives because of the early exposure to chemicals which mostly are untested. From the above information it is likely that the young girls will end up with depression from the anxiety of looking like their dream models in their later life. Most of them develop anorexia in the event of losing weight. Therefore, parents should set limitation to the kind of television programs, movies, magazines and the amount of time spent on beauty treatments parlours to avert this obsession that is slowing seeping of the pride and confidence of young girls. Parents should encourage their children to watch educational programs that have limited advertisement interruptions and allow them to participate in childhood games and activities. Moreover, they should monitor sleeping behaviour of their children as those who have a habit of sleeping late are more exposed to programs that portray sexuality and fashion as the norm of today. Furthermore, the parents should create time to spend with their children and thus monitor their growth effectively to teach their kids their purpose in life to avoid them developing future insecurities on their beauty. By so doing they will have helped their children to learn that inner beauty is more important than outside body. In conclusion I totally agree with the statement that ‘younger and younger girls today are obsessed with looking good (being beautiful). Its more important to them than anything else in their lives'. This fanaticism is wholly sad because these young children will be the future leaders of tomorrow and if not well nurtured will not effectively perform their roles thus greatly affecting their children and the old generation that will be under their care. Therefore, it is a high time for the society to start respecting children and stop regarding them in accordance to their gender.

AUTHOR UNKNOWN essays

AUTHOR UNKNOWN essays Social Security is not a problem right now; in fact, it runs a large surplus every year. However, Americans are living longer, and drawing more Social Security payments than they ever put in. Early in the next century, we will be paying out more than we take in, and Social Security will have to dip into its surplus, which is currently used by the federal government for other spending. When the last of the baby boomers retire, the payroll tax would have to almost double to maintain benefits. This creates an undue burden on Generation X-ers, and solutions need to be found to prevent this from happening. * Citizens should be given a choice on whether or not they wish to invest their own Social Security funds in a high-yield bank account, or the stock market. Right now, the average American has withdrawn all he has put into Social Security within 7 years of retirement. This forces the everyday worker to support those currently on Social Security with his payments. Whoever is still in the work force should be given the opportunity to do with their money as they see fit. If someone feels that they are unable to invest wisely in the stock market, there are other options available. For instance, and perhaps the simplest, is to invest the funds into a money-market account, which will on average receive 1-1 1/2% more interest than a traditional savings account. From the time the average American starts working - say 16 or 17 - till the time he retires, there will be a lot of money that has accumulated in this account. Another option is a tax-sheltered annuity. This is an option available to anyone - as long as they have an investment broker - to take a certain amount of money from their paycheck, tax free, and have it invested and re-in! vested in stocks and bonds. It can be cashed out at any times. Many banks offer tax-sheltered annuities for a ...

D171 Essays

D171 Essays D171 Essay D171 Essay Compare and contrast how the psychodynamic and cognitive behavioural approaches to counselling understand the person, and how these two approaches explain psychological distress experienced by individuals’. In Part 2, reflect and write about which of the two models appeal most to you and why. In this assignment I will first cover separately the concepts and ideas of psychodynamic and cognitive- behavioural approaches to counselling. I will look at how these two approaches understand the person and how they explain each person’s problem or problems. I will then compare and contrast them to highlight similarities between both of them and explain which appeals to me. Psychodynamic counselling has it’s origins in the ideas of a man called Sigmund Freud. Although his ideas were believed to be a key influence in modern psychology current theory and practice have gone way beyond Freud’s original ideas. Freud believed that repressed sexual wishes and memories lay in the heart of patients problems. However this has now developed by later practitioners and theorists to centre more on social and relationship orientated approach. Psychodynamic counselling is based on past experiences of the client. It will start from the client’s childhood and discuss relationships the individual had from a very young age. The person is not usually conscious of the true nature of this experience. The aim of the counsellor in to remain a blank canvas and through this the client will hold similar feelings to them as they did to authority figures of their past. This is called transference. As the counselling goes on the counsellor is to interpret the unconscious feelings of the client as this will give the client insight into why they are experiencing problems. Cognitive-behavioural counselling has its origins in behavioural psychology believed to have been created by a psychology professor called J. B Watson in the 19th Century. The concept being that the counsellor is to challenge the distorted idea’s of the client and replaces them with realistic ideas.

Competitor or Competition Focused

Competitor or Competition Focused If you’re competitor-focused, you have to wait until there is a competitor doing something. Being customer-focused allows you to be more pioneering. ~Jeff Bezos All too often we watch what all the other writers are doing in both writing and marketing, then try to snare which gimmick we can copy to work for us. Writing and self-promoting based upon our competition. I dare say the majority of early writers dont start off that way. Most want nothing more than for readers to flock to their story and gobble it up. Its probably why they started writing in the first place . . . to share a tale. However, reality sets in quick and harsh. Readers already have an abundance of reading material. So how can struggling writers be seen, heard, or better yet, read with so much competition? As a result, writers then gravitate to those more successful in the field, emulating the ads, the touring, the whatever-else they are doing. It becomes all about the numbers . . . yet the numbers arent that easy to come Then we commiserate with other writers. We join organizations, newsletters, Facebook groups comprised of writers, to learn how to be a more successful writer. But we have limited hours in the day. What goes lacking is the communication with potential readers. We forget were supposed to be customer-focused instead of competitor-focused. The goal is to reach out to where readers are:Â  libraries, schools, book fairs, radio, podcasts, niche organizations, maybe even your local paper. If you write romance, where do these souls tend to collect both in person and online? Ditto any other genre or subgenre. Do not stray from your reader being right up front in your writing world. Do not forget you are feeding them, educating them, entertaining them, using your talents to be the best you can be for them. Slowly and steadily, keep reaching out, respecting and adoring them. Readers are your market, not your competitors.

Purchasing management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Purchasing management - Essay Example tiatives, like the IT thrust by introducing supply chain management softwares to ensure regular deliveries, together with ERP implementations across the globe to support and augment these supply chain policies. There have been some delays and problems on the way but that has not changed the company’s resolves and it firmly believes that having right software in place will eventually strengthen its supply chain and give it a Purchase advantage. For the past 30 years the marketing strategy was dependant on the make to sell model. Products were made in anticipation of sales and cross fingers became a habit as change in tastes was the only constant and could not be planned for. It also left inventories that became a burden. Every manufacturer likes to evolve into make to order market. That is a segment that spells stability and a certain level of recognition in the market. It becomes more pronounced when the market is global, across geographies and cultures. Nike too had this vision. They wanted to cross frontiers with a common approach. It was a huge call and needed people to understand the conglomerate of which they were a part. It required a merger of thought, not just action, and the very vision became their clarion call, Just do it. Nike operates internationally and its Purchases have to be localized for certain items. This leaves a wide gap in demand/supply positions and can lead to delays and hold ups. It needed a strategy to overcome this situation globally. Before a company decides to go â€Å"global,† it must first show â€Å"an ability to appreciate the degree of globalization that exists in a given industry, or sector, and to provide the required strategic response. †Jeannet, Jean-Pierre,2 Centralization is the basic format of Nike’s plan. Not only product designing, but Purchasing, contracting out of manufacturing at different factories and delivery schedules are all carried out at the Head Office. In response to highly chaotic running shoes

Boiled Vulteres and God's Middle Finger Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Boiled Vulteres and God's Middle Finger - Essay Example Sierra Madre is a drug-driven location where security forces have little or no say. On the other hand, Fox’s reading is based in Christiania, a locale in Denmark. The events in Christiania are characterized by internal social conflicts within Christiania and stiff relations between the people of this Free Town and the Danish government. The two social settings presented in the two readings are far apart, but the unfolding events and the way of life in Sierra Madre and Christiania Free Town are relatively convergent. The two readings depict critical similarities amid their diversity and differences. Drug production, use and trafficking is a dominant undertaking presented by the two readings. Production of drugs that outside societies regard as illegal is rampant in both societies accounted for by Grant and Fox in their relative texts. In Sierra Madre, drugs constitute the primary source of income (Grant 9). Drug lords have dominated this practice, gaining the full support of th e society due to the economic benefits and social impacts that drugs have brought about in this region. Regulation of this practice is a difficult task due to the complexities of governance and law setting in Sierra Madre. In Christiania Free Town, drug production, sale and use are a social norm. This locale enjoys social autonomy, a scenario that is evidenced by Fox by quoting, â€Å"They called the eighty-five-acre district Christiania Free Town, drew up a constitution, printed their own currency, banished property ownership, legalized marijuana, and essentially seceded from Denmark† (Best American Series 233). The Christiania micro-nation’s practice of self-rule promotes the use and sale of drugs. As it appears, the social and economic pillar of this Free Town is based on drug production. The engagement of legal aspects in drug production provides a critical backup to a practice that highly exacerbates crime and related practices. Personally, the Christiania drug un dertakings are preferred. Although both Sierra Madre and Christiania Free Town are deeply rooted in drugs and related practices, the Christiania aspect is relatively organized in comparison to Christiania. The legal aspect of marijuana in Christiania captures personal interest because it is least expected that drug production could be legal in any given social setting. However, as Fox’s text points out, the autonomy enjoyed by Christiania people has integrated a legal drug (marijuana) into the society’s normal system. The social setup in both Sierra Madre and Christiania is characterized by similar aspects in relation to the way things are run in these two different societies. Sierra Madre is characterized by lawlessness, and antisocial behaviors are highly evident. Grant (43) says, â€Å"The rules of law and society have never taken hold in the Sierra Madre, which is home to bandits, drug smugglers, Mormons, cave-dwelling Tarahumara Indians, opium farmers, cowboys, a nd other assorted outcasts†. This locale lacks a straight form of governance, meaning that the society is self-ruled, based on aspects that can hardly constitute social behaviors, practices, morals or norms. Anarchism is evident due to the fact that any organized authority is highly opposed. The people seem to enjoy their own autonomy, with hardly any organized making efforts to reverse

The Trial Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Trial Process - Essay Example The statements made during the opening statement are not to be considered as part of the evidence. Rather, they serve to build a connection between the two sides to the case and set straight the plot that the case is going to take, while trying to influence the juries with the arguments and the evidence available. Even though there is no argument of the case at this phase, the stage, as one of the component of the trial process serves to set the stage for the actual process of case trial (Wayne, 2003). The next component in the trial procedure is the prosecution’s case presentation, where the prosecutor presents the evidence and all the information necessary to the case, in an attempt to prove that the defendant is guilty before the court (Sadakat, 2005). The prosecutor has to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty of all the charges aligned with him. If he fails to do this amicably, then the defense can request that the case be dismissed at this stage, w ithout the need to proceed to offer the case defense. If the prosecutor provides sufficient evidence to prove that the defendant is guilty, then the next stage follows. The next component of the case is the direct and the cross examination of witnesses. Under this component, the witnesses are sworn under oath to give true and only facts regarding the case. Each side to the case will then examine the witnesses through a question and answer session, where the counsels of both sides asks the witnesses questions to unearth some facts and prove the allegations already given (Zuckerman, 2012). During the cross examination, all attempts are made to indicate the inconsistencies and the loopholes that are left unsealed by the witness testimonies. The need for this component as part of the trial process is to have each side to the argument discredit the other, based on the testimonies given (Wayne, 2003). The next component that follows is the defense’s case, where the counsel represen ting the defendant will present their case, indicating how the case presented by the prosecutor does not qualify to make the defendant guilty before the court (Zuckerman, 2012). The defense can also seek to show the court that the prosecutor lacks sufficient evidence to prove the case against the defendants. In doing this, the defense counsel may cite the weaknesses made by the witnesses during the testimony session. The need for this component of the trial process is to indicate how the prosecution’s evidence fails to meet the threshold of conviction that the defendant is guilty. At this stage, the defense calls their witnesses who also give the testimony, opposing the guilt of the defendant. After the defense makes their case, the prosecution can react to this, though only in relation to new suggestions that defense has noted which were not addressed by the prosecution (Sadakat, 2005). The next component of the trial process that follows is the closing argument. Here, the p rosecution presents their final arguments, addressing any relevant details to the case that they could have forgotten, in a summary manner. This is followed by the closing arguments given by the defense, summarizing their main points and giving any relevant information they could have skipped during the preceding stages (Wayne, 2003). Of importance is

Rape and Associated Criminological Theories Research Paper

Rape and Associated Criminological Theories - Research Paper Example The authors consider the differences and similarities between the two studies, and behavioral themes that were consistent across the studies. The studies were both undertaken by the authors and used information present in databases held by the police and the courts. Finally, they examine what role behavioral analysis of rape provides and how the behavioral profile found in the study differs from that which is described from members of the community who have experienced rape firsthand. The first study they examined used data gathered from the police records of the Victoria Police on perpetrators of sexual assault on adult women. In total, information was gathered on 130 men who were charged with the crime. These records include the responses to a 263 question survey which is used to track violent crimes in Australia. The study used the responses from 28 of these questions which focused on the behavioral characteristics of rapists. All of the men whose information had been used had bee n charged within the previous 12 months. The second study that the authors examined used transcripts from court cases that had occurred within the past five years. A total of 50 transcripts were used, and these represented men accused of sexual assault of an adult woman. ... Five behavioral themes were examined throughout the two studies, and the prevalence of these in each of the cases was examined. The themes were: brutal or physical, oral, vaginal, kissing or fondling and anal. These were determined by examination of the questions used in the survey for the first study and what the common themes were. The authors found that the most common relationship between rape victims and the perpetrators of the rape was that of strangers for both studies they examined. For both studies the authors found that the most common theme was vaginal, and most common combination of themes was kissing and vaginal. Clay-Warner and McMahon-Howard tested two theories of whether, and if so, how and when rape victims report being raped using data gathered in conjunction with the Census Bureau known as the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). The NCVS is a survey that is jointly conducted by the Census Bureau and the Bureau of Justice Statistics. The experimental design is uses stratified clusters, with individuals living on military bases, correctional facilities and without a home excluded from the survey. Once selected for the survey, a household will remain within it for three years, with interviews conducted every six months on each individual above the age of 12. Responses to the survey were analyzed for individuals who reported sexual violation, this was the dependant variable. For the first study the responses were categorized into reported and not reported. In the second study, the results were broken down into three categories, reported by the victim, not reported and reported by a third party. The two theories that Clay-Warner and McMahon-Howard examined are the Behavior of Law theory, proposed by Black and Classic Rape Theory. The

Real Leadership essay on a person Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Real Leadership on a person - Essay Example Ahmed Mohammed Jumaa Alhanaey is the leader of the company, ZDKO and it is under his guidance that the company has been capable of attaining the desired level of success in the marketplace. When the person was asked as to what influenced him to be a leader, he replied that his previous job instilled lots of confidence within him. He learnt the leadership traits from his previous boss. Ahmed Mohammed Jumaa Alhanaey demonstrated many instances when he had been effective as a leader in the previous job assignments. This motivated him to be leader. It has been found that this leader has been capable of effectively dealing with the challenges that the company faced. In the interview with the leader it was identified that development of the vision and then identifying the vision turning into reality is one of the significant qualities of the leader (Klein & Et. Al., â€Å"Dynamic Delegation†). The leader of ZDKO describes himself as a passionate and dedicated human being. Ahmed Mohammed Jumaa Alhanaey has worked with a company named Etisalat for three years where he had experienced most of the leadership attributes that helped him in his future days. He demonstrated the fact that promoting consultation, unity and open communication with the followers are the pre-requisites for successful companies. Ahmed Mohammed Jumaa Alhanaey revealed that most of the troubles can be eradicated in any company if the leader is capable of maintaining good relation with his followers. In an organisation people belonging to different culture work together. Managing these diverse group tends to be the biggest challenge for the leaders according to Ahmed Mohammed Jumaa Alhanaey. The managers are also faced with the issues relating to wider social, political, cultural, ethical and business representation. Cross cultural issues have been a significant problem in ZDKO. Successful are the leaders who are capable of

HSA 535 WK 8 D1 & DB2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

HSA 535 WK 8 D1 & DB2 - Coursework Example For example, the imaging tests include the use of Mammograms and computed tomography scans. Understanding Laboratory tests requires that there is a fact sheet used to keep records for the role of screening and diagnostic laboratory tests. The fact sheets usually contain a list of the common tests done in cancer medicine hence could be used as a reference. Pap and HPV testing are some of the laboratory tests in cancer medicine that patients are likely to get through during their diagnosis and treatment procedures. A fact sheet is used which includes information about cervical cancer screening guidelines which can be used on the patients. There is also the Prostate-Specific Antigen Test that is used as a way of diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients. The fact sheet presents guidelines of the procedure together with the benefits and limitations of the test. These tests are efficient, however, only in the first world countries. Third world countries lack the necessary resources and financing to run cancer screening centers effectively and of a large magnitude. However, the US is a developed country with a well-established means of ensuring affordable health care to all its citizens hence has effective procedures. Prostate cancer is usually more prevalent in patients who are older hence it is advisable that older people go for regular screening. This could reduce the extra costs that would be incurred during treatment because once detected early, there are higher chances of treatment. There are a number of ways to address and communicate to the public about the disease. This can be done by engaging the mass in social media using posts that can target their interests. In this contemporary world, the social media has been very active as a tool of communication. Youths can share ideas and criticize hence gaining more knowledge about the disease. The other way would be through free

Real Leadership essay on a person Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Real Leadership on a person - Essay Example Ahmed Mohammed Jumaa Alhanaey is the leader of the company, ZDKO and it is under his guidance that the company has been capable of attaining the desired level of success in the marketplace. When the person was asked as to what influenced him to be a leader, he replied that his previous job instilled lots of confidence within him. He learnt the leadership traits from his previous boss. Ahmed Mohammed Jumaa Alhanaey demonstrated many instances when he had been effective as a leader in the previous job assignments. This motivated him to be leader. It has been found that this leader has been capable of effectively dealing with the challenges that the company faced. In the interview with the leader it was identified that development of the vision and then identifying the vision turning into reality is one of the significant qualities of the leader (Klein & Et. Al., â€Å"Dynamic Delegation†). The leader of ZDKO describes himself as a passionate and dedicated human being. Ahmed Mohammed Jumaa Alhanaey has worked with a company named Etisalat for three years where he had experienced most of the leadership attributes that helped him in his future days. He demonstrated the fact that promoting consultation, unity and open communication with the followers are the pre-requisites for successful companies. Ahmed Mohammed Jumaa Alhanaey revealed that most of the troubles can be eradicated in any company if the leader is capable of maintaining good relation with his followers. In an organisation people belonging to different culture work together. Managing these diverse group tends to be the biggest challenge for the leaders according to Ahmed Mohammed Jumaa Alhanaey. The managers are also faced with the issues relating to wider social, political, cultural, ethical and business representation. Cross cultural issues have been a significant problem in ZDKO. Successful are the leaders who are capable of

God Does Exist Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

God Does Exist - Research Paper Example What makes man the most superior to everything in the world is his brain. It is our senses that fundamentally make us stand out and distinguished from all other organisms. Since humans’ common sense has led them to achieving all they have today, if common sense says the God is there, God must be there. God does exist. This is self-evident. Nothing gets made unless it has been intended and somebody has done it. We want a chair and we go to the carpenter. We want a skyscraper and we approach the engineers and the architects. We want a treatment for some medicine and we go to the doctor. All of this is done purposefully because we have a belief that when somebody tries, there is an outcome. So we tend to approach the right people for the task at hand. So this is understood that there has to be a creator for everything. There is definitely a limit to what humans can create. Through research, we have come to know that man has the maximum brain as compared to all other organisms and this is the reason why man is able to create much more and far better things than all other plants or animals. While there is a limit to human brains and so to the humans’ creations, there is somebody who has got more brains than the humans and is thus able to create the whole universe. Like we create buildings, airplanes, trains, computers, internet and all the technology, there is somebody who has created us, the plants, the animals, the sun, the moon, the stars and everything that we see around us and are not able to create no matter how much we try. That somebody is God. If we place a piece of paper upon a table, it would stay there for centuries and centuries unless someone comes and removes it. When a piece of paper cannot move on its own, we are bound to think of someone that is moving the sun, the moon and the Earth and is taking care of the whole solar system. There is somebody that is transforming the day into the night and the night into the day, and that is God. Whatever happens in this world, happens for a reason. Nothing is meaningless. A woman’s breast doesn’t milk unless she gives birth to a baby. We know that in the nascent stage, milk is all that a baby asks for, and there is somebody who is not only intelligent enough to understand this, but is also powerful enough to provide the baby with the milk from the source that is the most authenticated and the best well-wisher of the baby i.e. the baby’s mother. Witnessing all this, man that has been made with brains is bound to think of somebody who understands everybody’s needs and provides everybody with them. It is not the mother who can ever produce the milk unless there is someone who intends it and is powerful enough to do, and that is God. This universe has one rule. W hat is right feels right and what is wrong feels wrong. Nothing bad that one does makes one feel good. One lies and one feels bad about it. One cheats and one feels bad about it. One steals and one repents. One murders and one faces the consequences. All these acts i.e. lying, cheating, stealing and murdering are strictly forbidden by religion that comes from God. If there is one entity that abstains us from doing everything that we know is wrong, that entity is bound to be right and just. Not only this, we have even stronger reason to believe in God. After every sin, when we make apology to God, it makes us feel good. While only good things make

Examining the Market and Operations Strategy of Tesco

Examining the Market and Operations Strategy of Tesco Introduction Human resource management  or shortly said H.R.M. is a designed  and  articulate  way to  management  of people working in the company or organization. The other term used for this is personnel management which is used instead of human resource management. It cn be defines as:- A continues processes managing people in any organizations in a way to achieve its objectives and goals. Human Resource Management is basically a study as well as a department in any organization that stands on ideas and techniques set to improve employee motivation, efficiency and performance. The HRM models makes necessary emphasizes: search for new ways and methods of working key role of managers in making progressive change treating all the workers as individuals encouragement of staff to think management as their partners instead of bosses Human capital is the important quality and capability of businesses especially in service based business. Human resources are some time major proportion of costs for many businesses. Management of such important and valuable resources is necessary for the success of business. Human resource management  means recruiting employees, arranging their training to improve their skills, utilizing these skills, maintaining their performances and paying off their services as required. Employees are a value asset for an organization. The purpose of all this arrangement is to contribute in achievement of company or organization targets. Human Resource Management practitioners have modern view about workplace management comparing to the traditional thinking. As such, HRM techniques, when properly practiced, are expressive of the goals and operating practices of the enterprise overall. HRM is also seen by many to have a key role in risk reduction within organizations. HRM and Employees Performance HRM and organisational performance, evident in improved employee commitment, lower levels of absenteeism and turnover, higher levels of skills and therefore higher productivity, enhanced quality and efficiency  . This area of work is sometimes referred to as Strategic HRM or SHRM (. Within SHRM three strands of work can be observed: Best practice, Best Fit and the Resource Based View (RBV). The notion of best practice sometimes called high commitment HRM proposes that the adoption of certain best practices in HRM will result in better organisational performance. Perhaps the most popular work in this area is that of Pfeffer  Ã‚  who argued that there were seven best practices for achieving competitive advantage through people and building profits by putting people first. These practices included: providing employment security, selective hiring, extensive training, sharing information, self-managed teams, high pay based on company performance and the reduction of status differentials. However, there is a huge number of studies which provide evidence of best practices, usually implemented in coherent bundles, and therefore it is difficult to draw generalised conclusions about which is the best way (For a comparison of different sets of best practices see Becker and Gerhart, 1996   Best fit, or the contingency approach to HRM, argues that HRM improves performance where there is a close vertical fit between the HRM practices and the companys strategy. This link ensures close coherence between the HR people processes and policies and the external market or business strategy. There are a range of theories about the nature of this vertical integration. For example, a set of lifecycle models argue that HR policies and practices can be mapped onto the stage of an organisations development or lifecycle. Competitive advantage models take Porters (1985) ideas about strategic choice and map a range of HR practices onto the organisations choice of competitive strategy. Finally configurational modelsprovide a more sophisticated approach which advocates a close examination of the organisations strategy in order to determine the appropriate HR policies and practices. However, this approach assumes that the strategy of the organisation can be identified many organisations ex ist in a state of flux and development. The Resource Based View (RBV), argued by some to be at the foundation of modern HRM, focusses on the internal resources of the organisation and how they contribute to competitive advantage. The uniqueness of these resources is preferred to homogeneity and HRM has a central role in developing human resources that are valuable, rare, difficult to copy or substitute and that are effectively organised. Overall, the theory of HRM argues that the goal of human resource management is to help an organization to meet strategic goals by attracting, and maintaining employees and also to manage them effectively. The key word here perhaps is fit, i.e. a HRM approach seeks to ensure a fit between the management of an organisations employees, and the overall strategic direction of the company (Miller, 1989). The basic premise of the academic theory of HRM is that humans are not machines, therefore we need to have an interdisciplinary examination of people in the workplace. Fields such as  psychology,  industrial relations, industrial engineering,  sociology,  economics, and critical theories:  postmodernism,  post-structuralism  play a major role. Many colleges and universities offer bachelor and master degrees in Human Resources Management or in Human Resources and Industrial Relations. One widely used scheme to describe the role of HRM, developed by  Dave Ulrich, defines 4 fields for the HRM function: Strategic business partner Change Agent Employee champion Administration Expert Human Resource Department Responsibilities Companies can have different departments, ranging from sales to human resources.   Depending on the size of a company, the human resource department may have an entire staff. Employment opportunities found in the department include human resource coordinator, assistant and director. Human resource department responsibilities can involve understanding federal, state and local  laws. Training and Development The human resources department assists companies with training and development. Companies train employees for different reasons, ranging from employee motivation to new technology. The length of training can differ from hours to weeks. Types of training can range from workshops to classroom participation. Some topics discussed in training sessions include employee safety and customer service. Benefits Companies must use different incentives to attract and maintain employees. After compensation, benefits are a common incentive to keep employees. The  Society  for Human Resource Management states benefits can involve federal and state requirements, such as unemployment insurance. Some companies offer a range of benefits. Types of benefits include dental insurance, vision insurance and paid days off. Compensation The Human Resources Department verifies that employees receive proper compensation. One form of compensation involves the amount of pay an employee receives in exchange for work performed, known as base pay. Commissions offer another form of compensation. Some companies offer only a combination of base pay and commissions, such as for a sales  job. Staffing A company requires staff to provide products and services to its customers. One human resources staffing-related activity involves advertising. Advertising allows companies to match applicants with potential jobs. Forms of advertising can take place on employment boards, specialty newspapers or business websites. Other human resource activities involve contacting applicants for interviews and confirming each applicants background. Employee Exit Interview HR Tools indicates employee exit interviews can help organizations maintain retention rates. Another benefit from exit interviews is a company can obtain  positive  feedback about its compensation, benefits or training programs. The human resources department has the responsibility of scheduling and conducting exit interviews. The employee should feel comfortable discussing employment issues, so a private office is advisable for the interviews. Business Practice Human resources management involves several processes. Together they are supposed to achieve the above mentioned goal. These processes can be performed in an HR department, but some tasks can also be outsourced or performed by line-managers or other departments. When effectively integrated they provide significant economic benefit to the company. Workforce planning Recruitment  (sometimes separated into attraction and selection) Induction,  Orientation  and  Onboarding Skills management Training and development Personnel administration Compensation in  wage  or  salary Time management Travel management (sometimes assigned to accounting rather than HRM) Payroll  (sometimes assigned to accounting rather than HRM) Employee benefits  administration Personnel cost planning Performance appraisal Labor relations HRM strategy An HRM strategy pertains to the means as to how to implement the specific functions of HRM. An organizations HR function may possess recruitment and selection policies, disciplinary procedures, reward/recognition policies, an HR plan, or learning and development policies, however all of these functional areas of HRM need to be aligned and correlated, in order to correspond with the overall business strategy. An HRM strategy thus is an overall plan, concerning the implementation of specific HRM functional areas. An HRM strategy typically consists of the following factors:- Best fit and best practice meaning that there is correlation between the HRM strategy and the overall corporate strategy. As HRM as a field seeks to manage  human resources  in order to achieve properly organizational goals, an organizations HRM strategy seeks to accomplish such management by applying a firms personnel needs with the goals/objectives of the organisation. As an example, a firm selling cars could have a corporate strategy of increasing car sales by 10% over a five year period. Accordingly, the HRM strategy would seek to facilitate how exactly to manage personnel in order to achieve the 10% figure. Specific HRM functions, such as recruitment and selection, reward/recognition, an HR plan, or learning and development policies, would be tailored to achieve the corporate objectives. Close co-operation (at least in theory) between HR and the top/senior management, in the development of the corporate strategy. Theoretically, a senior HR representative should be present when an organizations corporate objectives are devised. This is so, since it is a firms personnel who actually construct a good, or provide a service. The personnels proper management is vital in the firm being successful, or even existing as a going concern. Thus, HR can be seen as one of the critical departments within the functional area of an organization. Continual monitoring of the strategy, via employee feedback, surveys, etc. The implementation of an HR strategy is not always required, and may depend on a number of factors, namely the size of the firm, the organizational culture within the firm or the industry that the firm operates in and also the people in the firm. An HRM strategy can be divided, in general, into two facets the people strategy and the HR functional strategy. The people strategy pertains to the point listed in the first paragraph, namely the careful correlation of HRM policies/actions to attain the goals laid down in the corporate strategy. The HR functional strategy relates to the policies employed within the HR functional area itself, regarding the management of persons internal to it, to ensure its own departmental goals are met. Career and Education Several universities offer programs of study pertaining to HRM and broader fields.  Cornell University  created the worlds first school for college-level study in HRM (ILR School).  University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign  also now has a school dedicated to the study of HRM, while several  business schools  also house a center or department dedicated. There are both generalist and specialist HRM jobs. There are careers involved with employment, recruitment and placement and these are usually conducted by interviewers, EEO (Equal Employment Opportunity) specialists or college recruiters. Training and development specialism is often conducted by trainers and orientation specialists. Compensation and benefits tasks are handled by compensation analysts, salary administrators, and benefits administrators. Professional organizations Professional organizations in HRM include the  Society for Human Resource Management, the Australian Human Resources Institute (AHRI), the  Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD), the International Public Management Association for HR (IPMA-HR), Management Association of Nepal (MAN) and the International Personnel Management Association of Canada (IPMA-Canada), Human Capital Institute. National Human Resource Development Network in India. Functions The Human Resources Management (HRM) function includes a variety of activities, and key among them is deciding what staffing needs to have and whether to use independent contractors or hire employees to fill these needs, recruiting and training the best employees, ensuring they are high performers, dealing with performance issues, and ensuring your personnel and management practices conform to various regulations. Activities also include managing your approach to employee benefits and compensation, employee records and personnel policies. Usually small businesses (for-profit or nonprofit) have to carry out these activities themselves because they cant yet afford part- or full-time help. However, they should always ensure that employees have-and are aware of-personnel policies which conform to current regulations. These policies are often in the form of employee manuals, which all employees have. Note that some people distinguish a difference between HRM (a major management activity) and HRD (Human Resource Development, a profession). Those people might include HRM in HRD, explaining that HRD includes the broader range of activities to develop personnel inside of organizations, including, e.g., career development, training, organization development, etc. There is a long-standing argument about where HR-related functions should be organized into large organizations, e.g., should HR be in the Organization Development department or the other way around? The HRM function and HRD profession have undergone major changes over the past 20-30 years. Many years ago, large organizations looked to the Personnel Department, mostly to manage the paperwork around hiring and paying people. More recently, organizations consider the HR Department as playing an important role in staffing, training and helping to manage people so that people and the organization are performing at maximum capability in a highly fulfilling manner. The Responsibilities of a Manager in Human Resources Planning The human resources department has many roles and functions. Historically, the department was responsible for recruitment and training within an organization. Human resources has evolved to include a wide variety of competencies that are necessary for an organizations growth and success. Managers are in constant communication with the human resources department. Effective human resources planning requires managers and company executives to identify the needs of the company and develop a strategic plan to meet those needs. Recruitment The acquisition of experienced and qualified employees is vital to the success of an organization. Managers are responsible for interviewing potential candidates and making recommendations to hire a particular individual. Managers also attend recruiting events and evaluate applicants to determine whether the candidates personality will fit within the corporate environment. Retention Employee retention is an integral part of a managers responsibilities. Managers are obligated to ensure that employee work environments are conducive to individual success. Managers are responsible for motivating employees and developing programs that encourage good employees to remain with the company. Managers communicate the feedback they receive from employees to human resources so they may expand retention initiatives. These initiatives are designed to keep existing employees happy and satisfied with their  jobs. Training Training within an organization is a work in progress. As new products are introduced or industry trends shift in a new direction, additional training and employee development will be necessary. Human resources departments watch markets closely to ensure their organizations remain up to speed on changes within their enterprise. Managers also must supervise employees to ensure that a lack of understanding of company products and services does not interfere with  job  duties. Further, managers are responsible for making recommendations that additional training be conducted if several employees fall behind on a particular objective. Employee Relations Employee relations involve many different aspects of human resources planning. Employee relations are events or situations that affect an employees well-being, such as managerial disputes or employee discrimination. Employee relations also involve employee salaries, benefits,  health  care and retirement. If an employee has a work-related issue, it is usually brought to the attention of his manager first. Managers are responsible for keeping employee relations matters confidential and referring complex issues to the appropriate department to remedy the situation. Job Duties for a Human Resource Specialist Human resource specialists provide a specific type of work in the human resources department of a  business. Even though a person may specialize in any of several areas, the responsibilities of different specialists may overlap. Employee Recruitment and Placement Specialists in employee recruitment and placement manage the applicant screening process and hiring activities for open positions. They may seek out promising applicants through  job boards or  career  fairs and help match them to appropriate jobs. Compensation and Benefits Specialists in this area design and administer employee benefit programs such as health insurance, retirement plans and flexible spending accounts. They must be knowledgeable about the various benefit programs offered by their company as well as laws that may affect these benefits. Job Analysis Job analysts determine job titles, develop job descriptions and designate position classifications. In some companies, job analysis is done by compensation and benefit specialists. Training and Professional Development These specialists provide employee training such as new employee orientation and continuing education. They often develop and present materials for professional development workshops. Labor Relations Labor relations specialists assist with the resolution of employee disputes and grievances, as well as contract negotiation and workplace safety. They negotiate with labor unions and act as liaisons between employees and management. Effective Interviewing Giving an interview is as nerve racking as having one! As an interviewer you want to get as much information from the interviewee as possible, so to do this youre going to have to be nice to them! By making the environment calm and relaxing, both you and the interviewee will get the best from the interview. Before the interview, decide what information you require. It may help you to write yourself a list of questions or keywords, which will help the interview go smoothly. It is important that you listen to the candidate carefully, as well as getting all of the information you want, it will also help you to expand on the interviewees answers. Try to avoid asking questions together as this may confuse the candidate, as well as giving them the option to avoid certain questions. Glossary Of Terms Added Value  often refers to the analysis undertaken by management of the cost and contribution made by employees involved at each stage in the process of producing a product or providing a service. Appraisal Schemes   an individuals performance is reviewed by their manager. Their past performance is examined and future goals are set. Benchmarking  measures standards of performance against others doing similar work. Business Process Re-engineering (BPR)  refers to the methods by which a company or service undertakes a thorough review of all its operations. Business Units  often have their own Trading Accounts and operate with relative autonomy from the rest of the company or service. Continuous Improvement (Kaizen)  requires employees to constantly seek ways of improving the quality of the product or service. Delayering  is the removal of middle layers of management resulting in a flatter management organisation. Dismissal  is when you are removed from employment Empowerment/Enablement  are strategies aimed to give people more control and responsibility for their work Flexibility  describes changes in the size of the workforce, depending on short-term changes in market conditions Management-by-Objectivesmeans each management team identifying its key tasks and goals and using these as a yardstick against which performance is measured. Multi-Skilling  is the increase of the skills base of the workforce, usually bringing in new technology Multi-tasking  requires for staff to take on a wider range of tasks, usually involving on-the-job training Outsourcing  occurs when management invites external contractors to undertake work that was previously done by in-house staff. Performance Indicators  measure the improvements in throughputs, outputs and outcomes. Performance Related Pay (PRP)links an individuals performance with their pay. Different schemes have been set up to measure Team Building  brings together employers and employees, with the goal of increasing performance by strengthening relationships within the workplace Total Quality Management (TQM)usually involves the introduction of continuous monitoring. It refers to initiatives designed to improve the quality of products and services to meet customers requirements. http://www.bized.co.uk/educators/16-19/business/hrm/lesson/hrm1map.gif Title Human resource management: a problem-solving approach linked to ISLLC standards G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series Authors Jerry R. Baker,  Madeleine S. Doran Edition 2, revised, illustrated Publisher RL Education, 2007 Length 217 pages Title HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Authors ROBERT L. MATHIS,  JOHN H. JACKSON Publisher Cengage Learning, 2007 Subjects Business Economics / Human Resources Personnel Management Title Human resource management: a strategic approach to employment B H contemporary business series Author Chris Hendry Edition illustrated, reprint Publisher Butterworth-Heinemann, 1995 ISBN 075060994X, 9780750609944 Length 485 pages Title A handbook of human resource management practice Author Michael Armstrong Edition 9, illustrated Publisher Kogan Page Publishers, 2003 ISBN 0749441054, 9780749441050 Length 979 pages Title Human Resource Management Authors Derek Torrington,  Stephen Taylor,  Laura Hall,  Carol Atkinson Edition 8 Publisher Pearson Education, Limited, 2010 ISBN 0273732323, 9780273732327 Length 848 pages Subjects Business Economics / Commerce Title Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice Authors John Bratton,  Jeffrey Gold Edition 2, illustrated Publisher Routledge, 2001 ISBN 0805838627, 9780805838626 Length 432 pages

Shakespeares Macbeth - Downfall Due to Ambition and Human Weakness :: Free Macbeth Essays

Macbeth: Downfall Due to Ambition and Human Weakness William Shakespeare through one of his most well known plays portrays a tragic downfall of a king through his ambition and human weakness. Shakespeare develops the play Macbeth by showing the changes in the protagonist and the effects others have on him. Shakspeare's use of detail helps to show the changes in Macbeth through a gradual process. Before actually completing his horrendous act of killing the much loved King Duncan, Macbeth suffers mental conflict "having no spurs to prick the side of my intent" between the "vaulting ambition which leaps over itself and falls on the other" and the "deep damnation of his (Duncan's) taking off." At this point in time, scene 7 of the first act, Macbeth exposes sensitivity and knowledge of what he may do is wrong. Possibly the one time when the reader can relate to Macbeth the best, it is seen that he is very hesitant of his action, but what over takes him is the human flaw of ambition. As time progresses and Shakespeare shows Macbeth's initial "fear" of Banquo; but as his mind becomes engulfed in the his best friends murder he label's him as "your enemy" and making sure that he is left "no rubs nor botches in the work" Macbeth is obviously afraid of experiencing the same emotional trauma of his first murder. Although he think he is solving his problems, his damnation is ever progressing by making being indirectly involved in the murder of his one time best friend and father of a line of kings. The reader sees how ones desire for self - power can destroy himself completely. Shakespeare's diction through other characters in the play also help to portray Macbeth's break down. In the beginning, when Macbeth still depicts his sensitivity and morality, Lady's Macbeth almost forces Macbeth to do the deed calling him a "coward in thine own esteem", mocking him saying, "you durst do it then you were a man," and comparing him to "a baby that milks me." Lady Macbeth serves as on of Macbeth's contrasting characters. It is with her biting tougne that Macbeth is inspired to achieve his ambition in becoming king. In the beginning of the play with the three weird sisters the first idea introduced is their meeting with Macbeth "when the battles lost and won."; upon this meeting, macbeth pleads, "tell me more you imperfect sisters;" later on one of the witches chimes, "by the pricking of my thumbs, something wicked this way comes." Through the witches' characters, the peculiar chants, the reader knows the power

Albert Einstein Essay -- physics biography bio

Although there are other very interesting physicists who have contributed to the scientific world, I decided to do some research on Albert Einstein. You may have heard funny stories of his quirkiness like not wearing socks, or you may have seen posters of him with his wild, untamed hair. I have wondered what Einstein is really like. What was the personality of this man who was so incredibly smart? And if he really was that smart, why would he treat his hair and feet so poorly? This web page gives a bit of insight to the highly famed physicist. There is a basic overview of the his accomplished theories. Also, I provide a timeline of Einstein's life. His views and politics are a little less known, but what I'm including here that is difficult to find at other web sources is Albert's personality. So, if you are bored with reading about his theories, when he was born, married and died... check out the personality section and discover Einstein's character. The year 1905 is referred to as annus mirabilis ("miracle year") because it is the year in which Einstein introduces the theories that make him famous at the young age of 26. First, in his Special Theory of Relativity, he demonstrates that space and time are not absolute but vary with the proximity of one object to another. Example; for a person living in orbit around the Earth, time would pass more slowly than if he/she were living at sea level. The difference is not great, but it is still there and this is due to the variance in gravity with respect to earth. This would mean Isaac Newton was wrong, although his theories still generally hold for calculating dynamics close to Earth. Also, Einstein takes on the topic of light and by the time he publishes the pa... ...al libety, tolerance, and equality of all citizens before the law prevail. Political liberty implies the freedom to express one's political opinions orally and in writing; tolerance implies respect for any and every individual opinion. These conditions do not obtain in Germany at the present time. Those who have done most for the cause of international understanding, among them some of the leading artists, are being persecuted there. Any social organism can become physically distempered just as any individual can, especially in times of difficulty. Nations usually survive these distempers. I hope that healthy conditions will soon supervene in Germany and that in future her great men like Kant and Goethe will not merely be commemorated from time to time but that the principles which they taught will also preail in public life and in the general consciousness.

Core Competencies Essay

Hamric, Hanson, O’Grady & Tracy (2014) define competencies as â€Å"a broad area of skillful performance.† Competencies include activities implemented by advanced practice nurses while providing direct patient care and the processes, knowledge and skills used in all aspects of advanced practice. There are seven core competencies associated with the advanced practice registered nurse. In addition to the seven core competencies, nurse practitioner education and nurse administrator education have additional competencies needed to become proficient in each of those roles (The American Organization of Nurse Executives (AONE) 2011; The National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties (NONPF), 2012). While there is overlap of some of the competencies the nurse executive role and the nurse practitioner role each have specific skills needed to attain expertise in each role. Nurse executives plan, direct, coordinate and supervise health care delivery. He or she must have expert knowledge regarding patient care delivery, marketing, management, ethics, and human resource management, as well as additional knowledge. Due to the wide range of knowledge needed, nurse executives need to attain expertise in many areas. AONE has outlined five competencies and detailed the skills needed for each (2011). According to AONE communication and relationship-building is a competency that must be mastered in order to cultivate relationships and establish rapport and includes skills such as relationship management, effective communication, influence of behaviors, shared decision making and ability to work with diversity. The professionalism competency includes ethics, evidence-based clinical and management practice, advocacy, and personal and professional accountability (AONE, 2011). The nurse administration works at the executive  level so professionalism must be maintained. Nursing leadership must be upheld by mastery of skills like foundational thinking skills, change management and succession planning. The business skills competency can be met by the nurse administrator upon mastering business management, human resource management, marketing and strategic management and information management and technology (AONE, 2011). The health care system which the nurse executive manages can be a large complex system, such as an acute care hospital that has a level I trauma center, a pediatric unit, labor and delivery unit, cardiac intensive care, and neonatology. Because of this complexity competency of health care environment knowledge must be mastered and includes the skills of clinical practice knowledge, delivery models, health care economics and policy, governance, patient safety, quality improvement and case management (AONE, 2011). According to the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties (2012), upon graduation from a nurse practitioner program the graduate must possess mine competencies without regard to the population of focus. By mastering these competencies the nurse practitioner will have the skills and knowledge needed to practice independently. NPs provide direct patient care so the competencies and skills needed differ slightly from the competencies needed for nurse administrator. The practice inquiry competencies and the quality competencies are similar in that they both involve using knowledge gained from clinical practice to improve health care quality. Quality competencies include using best evidence to improve clinical practice, evaluating access to care, cost, quality and safety, organizational structure, financing, marketing and policy decisions and their impact on health care quality. Practice inquiry competencies involve applying clinical investigative skills, practice inquiry, analyzing clinical guidelines, generating knowledge from clinical practice and providing leadership while applying new knowledge. The technology and information literacy competencies are related to information literacy skills, literacy in information systems, integrating technologies into clinical practice and the delivery of health to improve health outcomes (NONPF, 2012). To function effectively the NP must understand health care policy and regulations. He or she must be competent in the evaluation of policy and its implication on health care delivery and outcomes and must promote access, quality and equality. All of these skills  fall under the policy competencies (NONPF, 2012). Health delivery systems competencies relate to the development of health care systems, the organizational structure and functions or health delivery systems and applying that knowledge to improve health care d elivery (NONPF, 2012). Along with a clear understanding of policy the NP must have expert knowledge of the independent practice competencies. NONPF list the independent practice competencies skills as the ability to function as a licensed practitioner, exhibiting accountability, managing previously diagnosed and undiagnosed patients and providing patient-centered care while observing cultural diversity and respecting patient decisions. There are some overlapping competencies within the NP and the nurse executive role. Both professions contain a leadership competency and both advanced practice nurses are expected to participate in professional organizations and to initiate change. The NP competency includes advocating for improved access, quality and cost effective health care while the nurse executive competency includes staff support and adapting leadership style (AONE, 2011; NONPF, 2012). The NP scientific foundation competency and the nurse executive knowledge of health care environment competency have areas of overlap such as the use of research to improve practice and decision making and evidence-based practice, and outcome measurement. The nurse executive skill of expert practice of ethics is outlined under the professionalism competency. Hamric et al. (2014, p. 101) state the transition from student to professional APN can be rife with behavioral, attitudinal and value conflicts. Hamric et al. further state that there are phases an APN moves through during role implementation. The first stage laying the foundation, occurs when graduate NPs sit for certification examinations for their specific roles, and look for available positions. The second stage generally last up to three months after the first position and consists of anxiety related to low confidence and low competence. One strategy to facilitate role implementation for all APNs is to develop a structured orientation plan. Although there are numerous practice setting and roles the nurse executive and the NP both benefit when clear expectations, needs, values, goals policies and procedures of the specific agency are made available upon hire (Hamric et al., p. 102). References Hamric, A. B., Hanson,C. M., O’Grady, E. T., Tracy, M. F. (2014) Advanced Practice Nursing: An Integrative Approach, 5th Ed. [VitalSource Digital Version]. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders. The American Organization of Nurse Executives. 2011. The AONE Nurse Executive Competencies. Retrieved September 11, 2014 from http://www.aone.org/resources/leadership%20tools/nursecomp.shtml The National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties. 2012. Nurse Practitioner Core Competencies April 2011, Amended 2012. Retrieved September 11, 2014 from http://c.ymcdn.com/sites/www.nonpf.org/resource/resmgr/competencies/npcorecompetenciesfinal2012.pdf

The Twilight Saga 3: Eclipse Acknowledgments

I would be very remiss if I did not thank the many people who helped me survive the birthing of another novel: My parents have been my rock; I don't know how anyone does this without a dad's good advice and a mom's shoulder to cry on. My husband and sons have been incredibly long-suffering-anyone else would have had me committed to an asylum long ago. Thanks for keeping me around, guys. My Elizabeth-Elizabeth Eulberg, publicist extraordinaire-has made all the difference to my sanity both on and off the road. Few people are lucky enough to work so closely with their BFF, and I am eternally grateful for the wholesomeness of cheese-loving Midwestern girls. Jodi Reamer continues to guide my career with genius and finesse. It is very comforting to know that I am in such good hands. It is also wonderful to have my manuscripts in the right hands. Thanks to Rebecca Davis for being so in tune with the story in my head and helping me find the best ways to express it. Thanks to Megan Tingley, first for your unwavering faith in my work, and second for polishing that work until it shines. Everyone at Little, Brown and Company Books for Young Readers has taken such amazing care of my creations. I can tell it is a true labor of love for you all, and I appreciate it more than you know. Thank you Chris Murphy, Shawn Foster, Andrew Smith, Stephanie Voros, Gail Doobinin, Tina McIntyre, Ames O'Neill, and the many others who have made the Twilight series a success. I can't believe how lucky I was to discover Lori Joffs, who somehow manages to be both the fastest and the most meticulous reader at the same time. I am thrilled to have a friend and accomplice who is so insightful, talented, and patient with my whining. Lori Joffs again, along with Laura Cristiano, Michaela Child, and Ted Joffs, for creating and maintaining the brightest star in the Twilight online universe, the Twilight Lexicon. I truly appreciate all the hard work you put into providing a happy place for my fans to hang out. Thanks also to my international friends at Crepusculo- es.com for a site so amazing it transcends the language barrier. Kudos as well to Brittany Gardener's fabulous work on the Twilight and New Moon by Stephenie Meyer MySpace Group, a fan site so large that the idea of keeping track of it boggles my mind; Brittany, you amaze me. Katie and Audrey, Bella Penombra is a thing of beauty. Heather, the Nexus rocks. I can't mention all the amazing sites and their creators here, but thank you very much to each of you. Many thanks to my cold readers, Laura Cristiano, Michelle Vieira, Bridget Creviston, and Kimberlee Peterson, for their invaluable input and encouraging enthusiasm. Every writer needs an independent bookstore for a friend; I'm so grateful for my hometown supporters at Changing Hands Bookstore in Tempe, Arizona, and especially to Faith Hochhalter, who has brilliant taste in literature. I am in your debt, rock gods of Muse, for yet another inspiring album. Thank you for continuing to create my favorite writing music. I am also grateful to all the other bands on my playlist who help me through the writer's block, and to my new discoveries, Ok Go, Gomez, Placebo, Blue October, and Jack's Mannequin. Most of all, a gargantuan thank-you to all of my fans. I firmly believe that my fans are the most attractive, intelligent, exciting, and dedicated fans in the whole world. I wish I could give you each a big hug and a Porsche 911 Turbo. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any formor by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Little, Brown and Company

Health and Social Care Level 3 Extended Diploma Unit 1 Developing Effective Communication in Health and Social Care Task 2 Essay

In this assignment, I will be explaining different theories including Argyle’s stages of communication and Tuckman’s stages of group interaction. Communication is the act of transferring information from one place to another. Different types of communication include spoken/verbal communication (face-to-face, telephone, television), non-verbal communication (body language, gestures) and written communication (letters, emails, books, and internet). Group members need to share a common system of beliefs and values in order for the group to communicate and perform effectively. These values may be identified when you watch a group at work. Communication is rarely simple. It can be effected easily by: the physical environment emotional factors social factors the level of communication skillindividual needs Tuckman’s Stages of Group Development (1965): Communication in groups can be influenced by how people feel they belong together. When people first meet in a group, they usually go through the process of group development. Most groups experience a struggle before they unite and communicate effectively. Tuckman suggested that most groups go through this process: Forming: this stage is important because the members of the group get to know each other and become friendly. It is the process of meeting Storming: relationships between group members will be made or broken at this stage. This stage often is the cause of tension, struggle and arguments. Norming: the group agree on rules and values. They begin to trust themselves and individual group members start to take greater responsibility so that the leader can step back. Performing: there is now a high level of respect in the group. Effective communication and performance is given. He believed that group members need to share a common system of beliefs or values in order for the group to communicate and perform effectively. Argyle’s Communication Cycle (1972): According to Argyle, socialising involves a cycle where you have to â€Å"decode† what other people are communicating and adapt your own behaviour to communicate effectively. Verbal and non-verbal communiation is not always easy. The Communication Cycle: Idea Occurs: thinking about what we are about to say and who to say it to. Message Coded: planning to say the message. Message Sent: communicating the message across. Message Received: when the other person hears what you have said. Message Decoded: when the person you are speaking to breaks down your message. Message Understood: when the other person can understand the meaning of what you have said to them. If Argyle’s Communication Cycle is used incorrectly, there is a risk that the information won’t be passed over correctly. For example, a teacher was giving his students instructions on what to do that lesson. However, one of the students was not listening and therefore did not receive the message. For this reason, the message was not decoded or understood even though the idea had occurred and the message had been coded and sent. Bibliography: http://www.studymode.com/essays/Argyles-Communication-Cycle-And-Tuckman’s-Interaction-1092710.html NVQ Level 2 Health and Social Care, Yvonne Nolan, Page 27.